Ten complicated questions and their answers

Author: Abu Hena Muhammad Rafique

Ten complicated questions and their answers 

Question no 1: Why so severe punishment in Islam as mentioned in verse 5:38
وَٱلسَّارِقُ وَٱلسَّارِقَةُ فَٱقْطَعُوٓا۟ أَيْدِيَهُمَا جَزَآءًۢ بِمَا كَسَبَا نَكَـٰلًۭا مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌۭ [٥:٣٨]
Answer:
This verse is from chapter Al-Maeda – no 5 revealed in Madina, where Islamic state became established and non-Muslims had signed in the contract with Muslims that they would abide by all laws …,

Before directly coming to the answer we need be knowing, who said this and through whom we come to know this law and then we have to ask about reason or rationality.
Then we have to know who the questioners are and what is their dexterity and capacity to encompass the mystery of the vast world, created by the invincible Almighty Creator.
The third is the ability of knowing the language through which the report is transmitted.
Among the above mentioned three pre-requisites let we proceed with the first:
This is a statute of the law of the world-wide state which is run by its Creator, through one vicegerent, empowered by Him (the Creator). The Creator is the best to know the needs of the creation.
Among the creations, necessarily there are good and bad, obedient and disobedient; law abiding and unruly; and there is a judiciary to try the disputes and do such justice as to be beneficial for the society at large.
It is duly acceded and perceived that the interest of the society needs priority and for the safety and betterment of the society some individual or individuals may be brought to task. This is the decision of the Providence who is the Supreme in knowledge and wisdom.
The Creator is 100% just and for ensuring safety, peace and tranquility the bulk of the society adopts measures, beneficial for both the wrong-doers and the victims.
For smooth running of any administration this policy is must.
If anybody falls short in understanding these justifications that is because of his limitations in vision and understanding…
Now let us probe the justification of the punishment as imposed by the Merciful Allah:
This punishment may be given by the Islamic state when it ensures all basic necessities of life to each citizen including victuals, dress, shelter, education and medical facilities.
No punishment for misappropriation of a) foodstuff, b) fruits, c) vegetables, d) cooked food, e) birds, f) beasts of forests, g) anything from government-treasury (as there the person concerned has a share g) and a thing worth an amount up to Taka 2000/-(40 Saudi dirham).
Beyond the said articles or the value thereof, if stolen article, more valuable, for the first time, one right hand has to be chopped off, ensuring the concerned family provisions till the accused reaches earning position, and for the second time another hand. When totally (the accused) becomes disabled, the government is fully responsible to maintain the family of punished person.
This one person’s strong punishment ensures millions to sleep in peace for a long time.
Thus Allaah swt, said
وَلَكُمْ فِى ٱلْقِصَاصِ حَيَوٰةٌۭ يَـٰٓأُو۟لِى ٱلْأَلْبَـٰبِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ [٢:١٧٩]
“And for you, in the punishment, there is life, O, the people of intelligence. (These words are sent to you) so that you may ward off evil by Allaah’s fear.
It is the duty of the Islamic government to ensure maximum peace in the state and let not give the wrong-doers such opportunity that the good people are endangered.
Last but not the least point is that this law has to be promulgated in an Islamic state where the majority of the citizens believe in the justification of the Merciful Allah’s laws. Non-Muslims also need security and peace and if they are believers in the (any divine) Book, sent from the Creator, they would know and feel usefulness of this law. If atheist, they are the opportunists and unreasonably peace-breakers. So, the social welfare state is justified in not giving them the chance to spread chaos.

Question no 2: Women are really ignorant! Why two women are equal to one man witness?
Answer:
Like the first answer of the first question when we believed the Rasool to be 100% true and justifiable, then all that he was given by Almighty and  Merciful Allaah is true. Thus we (the believers) with complete conviction agreed to accept, without any hesitation, that Allah’s decision is right, yes, as rational being we have the inquisitiveness to know the reason and so trying as follows.
We (male and female) all know that we all are humans, but not equal physically, mentally and emotionally. Due to physically soft, females are more akin to forget or be forced to decline the witness; but if supported and strengthened by another one then she feels strong. Thus two points have been indicated in verse 282 of chapter 2 saying
مِمَّن تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءِ أَن تَضِلَّ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا ٱلْأُخْرَىٰ... 
These female witnesses should be taken from those with whom you are satisfied as regards their fidelity (and forgetfulness, being their one of the instinctive qualities, as said by the Creator), two females are required, if one forgets the other will remind.

Question no 3: Why woman inherits less than man in Islam? 

يُوصِيكُمُ ٱللَّهُ فِىٓ أَوْلَـٰدِكُمْ ۖ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ ٱلْأُنثَيَيْنِ ۚ فَإِن كُنَّ نِسَآءًۭ فَوْقَ ٱثْنَتَيْنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَ ۖ وَإِن كَانَتْ وَ‌ٰحِدَةًۭ فَلَهَا ٱلنِّصْفُ ۚ وَلِأَبَوَيْهِ لِكُلِّ وَ‌ٰحِدٍۢ مِّنْهُمَا ٱلسُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ إِن كَانَ لَهُۥ وَلَدٌۭ ۚ فَإِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهُۥ وَلَدٌۭ وَوَرِثَهُۥٓ أَبَوَاهُ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلثُّلُثُ ۚ فَإِن كَانَ لَهُۥٓ إِخْوَةٌۭ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلسُّدُسُ ۚ مِنۢ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍۢ يُوصِى بِهَآ أَوْ دَيْنٍ ۗ ءَابَآؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَآؤُكُمْ لَا تَدْرُونَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ لَكُمْ نَفْعًۭا ۚ فَرِيضَةًۭ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ ۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًۭا [٤:١١]

“Allaah is instructing you regarding your children: For the male is equal to the share of the two females i.e., male will get double than the female child…”
Now the question is: why this discrimination?
Answer:
Like other answers, here the first answer is: After knowing Muhammad SM the Rasool of Allah we are sanguine about his reports, got from Allaah, is 100% good and beneficial, as the Quran says:
ۖ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ ٱلْأُنثَيَيْنِ 
“For the male double than the female”
Now, we want to understand through the light of reason and it is no offence or fault as Allaah swt said:
تَعْقِلُونَ أَفَلَا رُكُمْ ذِكْ فِيهِ كِتَابًا إِلَيْكُمْ أَنزَلْنَا لَقَدْ
I, (The Almighty Allaah) have certainly sent down to you a Book in which, your mentionis there: Don’t you understand? (Chapter:21:10 )

لْقُرْآنَ يَتَدَبَّرُونَ  أَفَلَا ا
“Don’t they brood over the Qur’aan?” (Chapter 4:82)
So, when we reflect about the verse we get the following justifications:
Woman, created of the one rib of ‘Aadam; is a part of him (the male), dependant naturally on him and need his help and support.
Learnt from the tradition of the prophet sm. Wives are taken to husband’s house and the husband has to spend on her, being, by Allaah’s arrangement, her guardian:
ٱلرِّجَالُ قَوَّ‌ٰمُونَ عَلَى ٱلنِّسَآءِ بِمَا فَضَّلَ ٱللَّهُ بَعْضَهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍۢ وَبِمَآ أَنفَقُوا۟ مِنْ أَمْوَ‌ٰلِهِمْ 
“The males are leaders (guardians) over the females as Allaah swt gave superiority to someone upon some other and because they (males) spend their wealth.”
Maintenance of the parents is the obligatory duty of the sons, not of the daughters (though both inherit the parents) because parents are son’s liability, not of the daughters.
Wives (women) unlike husbands (men) get marriage-due (SADAQ).
Husband’s obligatory duty is to give the wife all necessaries, but wives have no such duty, though they have wealth from the husband as SADAQ.

Question no 4: Cousin Marriage is it medically considered good?
Answer:
Of course, it is far better to marry cousins than any other, due to many reasons and medically also congenial. If anybody (any doctor has contradictory view then certainly he claims to be wiser than the Creator (as He has made it permissible).9

Question no. 5: How do you relate slavery today with the verse 24 of chapter 4 (Surah An-Nisa:)
وَٱلْمُحْصَنَـٰتُ مِنَ ٱلنِّسَآءِ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَـٰنُكُمْ ۖ كِتَـٰبَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ ۚ وَأُحِلَّ لَكُم مَّا وَرَآءَ ذَ‌ٰلِكُمْ أَن تَبْتَغُوا۟ بِأَمْوَ‌ٰلِكُم مُّحْصِنِينَ غَيْرَ مُسَـٰفِحِينَ ۚ فَمَا ٱسْتَمْتَعْتُم بِهِۦ مِنْهُنَّ فَـَٔاتُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةًۭ ۚ وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا تَرَ‌ٰضَيْتُم بِهِۦ مِنۢ بَعْدِ ٱلْفَرِيضَةِ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًۭا [٤:٢٤]
“(And prohibited for you) those women who are under some bodies’ marriage, except the slave- girls; and permissible to you others (than those described above in the last verse). This is Allah’s decree on you, whom you can get in exchange of your wealth (mahr), protected through marriage, not illegally. So from whomsoever you get enjoyment then give them their marriage-due as a compulsory gift. And it is no problem for you if you mutually come to some understanding regarding it after fixing some amount. Verily Allaah  is All-Knowing, Wise.
Answer:
The concept of slavery, as existed always and existing too now-a-days in some parts of the world (out of our knowledge) and will continue to exist in future, till the whole world comes under Islamic domination. But it is sure to come before the last Day, the Day of resurrection, even if it be for a short time; but how long that would continue, is not known to us. Only at that time slavery will finish from the whole world and only Allaah’s Mastership will be established.
The question comes, what is slavery?
In answer to that:

Allaah swt also has used for Himself this word ‘Abd – Slave and ‘Ibadat – (slavery) to inform us to be His 24 hours’ – servants (meaning, doing always His service). But let us know the difference between man-master’s service and Allaah Master’s service: Man-master engages his slave for his own interest and Allah swt engages His slaves not for His own sake, but for His slaves’ interests. So, slave of man is for his master and the slavery of Allaah is for the slave himself. If he obeys Allaah as a slave it will bring all round benefit to him in both the worlds.
Slavery of man, as stated in the Quran and Hadith, can exist and will exist in different situations with different behaviors and practices as showed and done by the prophet sm. himself and his associates and also by later those followers who set the example of following the Rasool, and   for the rest of the world-people.
N.B. For getting the detailed knowledge in this regard the readers are requested to see the explanatory translation of the Quran in the Tafheemul Quran (An-Nisa:24).

Question no. 6: Child marriage, how acceptable and logical is it?
وَٱلَّـٰٓـِٔى يَئِسْنَ مِنَ ٱلْمَحِيضِ مِن نِّسَآئِكُمْ إِنِ ٱرْتَبْتُمْ فَعِدَّتُهُنَّ ثَلَـٰثَةُ أَشْهُرٍۢ وَٱلَّـٰٓـِٔى لَمْ يَحِضْنَ ۚ وَأُو۟لَـٰتُ ٱلْأَحْمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَن يَضَعْنَ حَمْلَهُنَّ ۚ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يَجْعَل لَّهُۥ مِنْ أَمْرِهِۦ يُسْرًۭا [٦٥:٤]
Answer:
Let us look at the translation of the verse referred to “ And those who have become despaired from their (monthly) courses from among your wives, if fall in doubt (as regards pregnancy, when giving Talaq) then there ‘iddat (waiting time for next marriage) is three months. And those who do not get means and (those) who are bearing (progeny), their waiting period is up to giving birth of the child.”
So, in this verse, child-marriage is not mentioned. But the Hadith says: “Make hurry in giving marriage to your daughters, and before getting the next means, if you get equal status (compatible to your TAQWA and other things that are regarded by your family members).” This Hadith does not necessarily mean child-marriage. No age regarding marriage is mentioned anywhere in the Quran or Hadith. Why? Because, only the Creator knows: who at what age the girl will get the capacity to conceive and she is fit to be consummated or mated. All the abilities and the capacities are Allah’s gifts, no human, with his limited knowledge can encompass Allah’s knowledge.

Question no 7: Why women should be dominated by men? Domestic abuse (as many people think or sometime happen).
Answer:
As some reasons already we got from the answer of the question no 3 (Why son gets double than the daughter?), we need more reasons for being leader or guardian:
The Creator, when creating created such process which needed the male remain up, become active and play the role of giver. On the other hand, as Allaah wanted the female remain passive and play the role of recipient and protector of the males semen to turn into foetus and then throughout the development and finally reaching the stage of birth, the female has to undergo so many stages to become mother and rearing the baby with feeding etc. makes her so delicate that she needs affectionate care by the loving male (husband). Not only this, she needs security by the physically stronger husband. All these need him to be the leader and earn and spend for her (as said in the above mentioned verse.)
Another point must be remembered in this regard: during the process of giving and receiving the seeds of the progeny many other functions are necessary to achieve the final goal and so, all the time the husband needs be applying enthusiasm, strength and energy.
Then she, the wife needs comfort, care, medicine, food etc which, if provided by the husband then the whole life of the couple, with children becomes peaceful and happy. Thus husband’s leadership and guardianship is such a blessing which has no alternative.
This is the system, made by the Creator for the procurement of His creation and He Himself knows His work; anybody else may not know its justification. But this leadership, is a responsibility, if done properly (as Islam taught the leader’s responsibility), will bring all round peace and success. If the polytheist or atheist thinks that he is wiser or more just or more considerate than the Merciful Creator or if anybody heeds to any argument challenging the Creator, he or she has to roam about the endless wilderment.
We, the spontaneous servants of Allaah (male and female) are, really satisfied with His system and do our duty as guardians and queens of the house consecutively and are alert in maintaining peace and prosperity. Both of us are cautious about our respective duties and cooperate with one another as mutually the closest friend after the parents. In weal and woe we are mutual trustworthy friends. As before marriage parents are responsible and supervisors and protectors of the children’s chastity, similarly after marriage, husband becomes the leader or custodian, especially of the wife or wives and makes such arrangements, as to remain, the wife or wives really protected.
Thus leadership of husband, as entrusted by Merciful Allaah, is a bliss for believers, not curse as thought by a non- believer.
As regards domestic abuse (by siblings or parents, or mothers of the husbads) is likely to happen in a family where there is no fear of Allaah or no any accountability. But Qu’aanic injunctions are for obedient servants, who do away with all the behaviours and practices opposed to Allaah’s wish. So, there comes no question of family abuse.
Yes, there are families, who are by name Muslims, by doing certain rituals). They, either do not know complete Islam, nor are willing to be 100% Muslims in obeying Allaah in all affairs of life.
Let us be complete Muslims and make our families balanced, maintaining the Rasoo’ls practices: parents, husbands, doing their respective duties (especially in their old age), as taught by Rasoolullah sm. and his associates, known through their practices and through traditions, (if not through direct narrations). So, if we, all do our duty properly, we may rightly expect that duty to us also will be done, when need comes.

Question no.8: Why does Quran say: Kill polytheists? What is the logic behind this?
فَإِذَا ٱنسَلَخَ ٱلْأَشْهُرُ ٱلْحُرُمُ فَٱقْتُلُوا۟ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ حَيْثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمْ وَخُذُوهُمْ وَٱحْصُرُوهُمْ وَٱقْعُدُوا۟ لَهُمْ كُلَّ مَرْصَدٍۢ ۚ فَإِن تَابُوا۟ وَأَقَامُوا۟ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَوُا۟ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ فَخَلُّوا۟ سَبِيلَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌۭ رَّحِيمٌۭ [٩:٥]
“But when the sacred months pass away then kill the polytheists wherever you find them and catch them, besiege them and sit in ambush for them in every place of ambush. Then if they repent (turning to the right path by making Tawbah) and pay zakat then leave them in their way (to live in peace because through these two acts of obedience they have proved their eemaan (fidelity in faith).”
Answer:
The pattern of the sentence indicates that the words under study were said under some context and then after searching we find that this part of the ‘command’ precedes a situation which starts from verse no 3. So, let us look at the third and fourth preceding verses and then the following more verses, where it is said:
وَأَذَ‌ٰنٌۭ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦٓ إِلَى ٱلنَّاسِ يَوْمَ ٱلْحَجِّ ٱلْأَكْبَرِ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ بَرِىٓءٌۭ مِّنَ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ ۙ وَرَسُولُهُۥ ۚ فَإِن تُبْتُمْ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌۭ لَّكُمْ ۖ وَإِن تَوَلَّيْتُمْ فَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّكُمْ غَيْرُ مُعْجِزِى ٱللَّهِ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ [٩:٣]
“And this is an announcement from Allaah and His Rasool to the mankind on the day of Hajj-Al-Akbar that Allaah is free from all obligations regarding the polytheists; and the Rasool is also free from any obligation regarding them. So, beware that you are not capable of overcoming Allaah; and O prophet! give a tiding to the unbelievers, of a painful doom.
إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ عَـٰهَدتُّم مِّنَ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَنقُصُوكُمْ شَيْـًۭٔا وَلَمْ يُظَـٰهِرُوا۟ عَلَيْكُمْ أَحَدًۭا فَأَتِمُّوٓا۟ إِلَيْهِمْ عَهْدَهُمْ إِلَىٰ مُدَّتِهِمْ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ [٩:٤]
“Except those of the mushrikeen (polytheists) with whom you have made treaty and then they did not break any point of that treaty, nor have they supported anybody against you, so, in that case you fulfil your promise, given to them up to the term of treaty. Verily, Allaah loves the Allaah-fearing peple (who ward off any bad behavior with Allaah’s fear).
Then comes the fifth verse, commanding the head of the state or the authority of the Islamic State (in Hijaz = Makka + Madina + Jidda etc, and their common Muslims to kill or seize, when found any Mushrik in this Islamic state. Why?
Answer: Because, they were given either of the following two options: accepting Islam with performing SALAT and paying zakat or to go out of the Islamic State if they cannot comply with these obligations. 
While delivering sermon, on the Day of great Hajj, held in 9th Hijri, in the final and farewell Hajj, Rasoolullah sm. envisaged his retirement from the duty of messengership (message-bearing responsibility). When delivering his great sermon at the great field of Arafat in the huge gathering of one hundred and twenty thousand pilgrims, assembled from almost all over the world, who declared in one voice: “Allaah is the Great”, No supreme Power is there but Allaah, Allah is the Great, and His is the praise (and the  credit).
This declaration signified that supremacy and sovereignty of Allaah had already been established in the teeth of  all oppositions, launched by many self-designed time- being superiors, elders, dictators and emperors; and the declaration of “La-ilaha illal-laaha” (no supreme authority or sovereign is there but Allaah. Hence nobody is allowed to live here (in the boundary of Islamic State)) to make any confusion. After knowing all the justifications of the Supremacy of Allaah and that of the Islamic System if they do not make TAWBAH (penitence), nor they live peacefully under some treaty, done beforehand and breaking any condition of the treaty or helping anti-Islamic power, then they are being given four months time (months of Muharram, Safar, Rabiul Awal and Rabius-thani). It means, after getting four months’ time if they do not decide either to accept Islam (by two practical major proofs of belief or do not leave their homes in Islamic State) then it will mean that they do not bother about Islamic system nor they care about the order of Allaah and think that they can do anything ignoring the Islamic Athority , then they would be killed. But, if, after the expiry of four months they are not killed, then they would spread such confusion which would spoil the law and order and ultimately peace and prosperity would come to an end .
Allaah is all powerful to keep Islamic State self-sufficient, if the infidel world, for this strict injunction, becomes allergic or antagonistic, then they further must not be given any chance to do any mischief. Thus under such context comes Allah’s command of that strict treatment. Relevantly, it should be made clear that Allaah SWT is Powerful enough to implement His policy in His world-wide domain, not caring anybody’s wish or likeness.
But Allaah swt, is so generous that He is giving all chances to the sincere and to the people of good understanding by saying:
وَإِنْ أَحَدٌۭ مِّنَ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ ٱسْتَجَارَكَ فَأَجِرْهُ حَتَّىٰ يَسْمَعَ كَلَـٰمَ ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ أَبْلِغْهُ مَأْمَنَهُۥ ۚ ذَ‌ٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌۭ لَّا يَعْلَمُونَ [٩:٦]
“But, if any of the polytheists seek shelter to you (O Prophet or the head of Islamic State) so give him shelter, till he may listen to the words of Allaah, even after that if he is not convinced about the beauty of Islam, then reach him to his safe place to live in his way and no force is there to make him unwilling Muslim. This is because such people do not know (the truth)”
Now the sage people can understand that bringing any isolated verse or quotation from the Quran without looking at the context, is not the proper way to understanding or justification.
Under thcircumstances, I must say that, since Islam is for absolute peace its any strict regulation is not obsolete (needless) or free from reason. I must feel pleased with those who under any confusion, seek answer from knowledgeable of us. Thanks.

Question no 9: Why killing of a person leaving Islam (Apostasy) is acceptable?
Answer:
Chapter no 4 An-Nisaa, was revealed in the fourth Hijri when the battle of Uhud was over and by this time Islam’s many those injunctions, relating to familial life, social life and economic life (in details) were revealed. Islamic State somehow became consolidated and through wide contacts the number of new Muslims was steadily increasing every day. The Jew, since being bearers of revealed Book ,first thought that they, especially their aristocrats would get irrational privilege as they had been enjoying so long; but all their aspirations became nipped in the bud when, in several cases, they found no discrimination as regards the imposition of punishment law and thus they, secretly started enmity by many ways but openly becoming Muslims, whereas at heart searching chances to harm Islam and the Muslims. This double dealing or hypocrisy was very tough. On the other hand, many polytheists, especially the followers of Abdulah bin Ubai (the ambitious leader of the hypocrites, finding no other alternative than to become apparently Muslim, accepted Islam, but left no chance to expose his inimical attitude. His one measure was making his followers fake Muslims and after certain period leave Islam with the excuse that they had found Islam unsatisfactory. Their main purpose was to bring confusion about Islam so that no more increase should come and there must start inter-tribal dissention and ultimately the mission of Muhammad sm. should fail.
On the other hand Allaah swt declared in the second Hijri: “No force is there as regards acceptance of the “Deen” (the complete way of success in both the worlds). Surely the straight path (of both the life) has become explicit. So, whosoever will deny the Tagoot (wishing to become Allah’s rival in establishing their self-designed sovereignty in the world) and believe in (the Supremacy of) Allaah Alone, then surely he has held the strong rope which has no breakage and Allaah is “Ever Hearing-Knowing”.
Relevantly, may the readers be needing to know the clear meaning of “Eemaan”, Islam and Deen. So let us closely examine the following deliberations:
Eemaan: belief (at heart) in the Existence and Power of Allaah (His vigilance and seizing power) and belief in the Day of Judgment. It is the heart’s feeling which reveals through acts and behaviours.
Islam: The balanced and perfect way of ‘worldly’ life to live and let others live peacefully by abiding the law, introduced by the Islamic state   (even if at heart may not be having strong and clear belief). In this sense a hypocrite, performing SALAT + SAWAM + ZAKAT + HAJJ) can be called a Muslim.
Ad-Deen: It is the combination of deep faith (with the declaration of eeman and practice of the rituals of Islam, having deep faith in Allaah and ‘aakhirat, proving by control of amorous desires, followed by arrogance and greed of pomp and power.
So, the sincere Muslims, who, inspired by the magnanimous and magnificent personality of the Prophet sm. and after getting clear understanding, accepted Islam, were ever devoted and ever ready to sacrifice their life and property for the cause of Islam. So, no question arises about their apostasy. Other than these, there might have been some who, with bad intention of demoralizing and defaming Islam, had always been in wait for chances to leave Islam. So, such secret poisonous serpents, before being exposed (with spreading their fangs), had to be finished before biting. This is the reason that the apostates have to be eliminated before getting their chances to spread among non-Muslims the sense of impracticability about all-comprehensive Islamic way of , where no man-mastership exists; rather brotherhood with equitable distribution of all amenities of life and the qualities of co-operation, sympathy and sacrifice prevail.
To understand more deeply the readers are urged to look at the history of Marxist revolution, its massacres and its consequences. Look, what is the main teaching of socialism and its final end is Communism as propagated by communists.
Karl Marx, personally, being son of a Jewish priest, but feeling in himself the human-love and pain for the have-nots and less fortunate people, who had been the target of exploitation by the selfish wealthy aristocrats (the proletariat) of German society.
His sympathetic mind called out to unite the bourgeois and arise against the heartless, cruel, self-centered arrogant proletariat to give back the peoples’ birth right of freedom to live on earth with equal honor and dignity. He was blessed by getting some sincere and sacrificing supporters and writers like Maxim Gorky. Thus his idea was accepted by many and within no time responded by millions. The exploitation of the haves and their cruelty evoked them to react and avenge in similar treatment what they had encountered so long. In their emotion they forgot the scientific truth: every action has got its equal and opposition reaction; so carnage is encountered with carnage.
In 1917 these Bourgeois succeeded in getting power and by expanding their idea they captured almost ¾ of the world; but within 53 years reaction started from within and without.
On the other hand, what Islam did, with faults and faltering,  and in the teeth of onslaughts and oppositions, is before the world.
It started with the eternal call of ‘declaration of Mastership of Almighty and, Merciful Allaah’and the vicegerency, given to Muhammad (SM) made him soft, generous, well-behaved to friends and foes and patient in weal and woe, the most honoring of the promises and treaties; and the least in shedding blood when in combat   (as proved in the conquest of different battles and when in conquering  Makka).
Thus proved: Doing duty and sacrifices, not fighting for rights. This brings amity, love and similar sacrifice; instead of arrogance and harsh behavior, politeness and amiability and if attacked with ferocity defending with valour and generosity; not doing traits and cruelty with similar retaliation, but if repentance found then pardon and rehabilitation.
Man-made system taught accumulation of wealth and lavishness and gorgeous style of living, but Islam teaches modesty and spending for the sufferers and declared as these are the keys to getting Allah’s favor in both the worlds. . But for intentional rouges and proud invaders Islam stands like an unbreakable rock to suppress and crash till they surrender and become subdued.. 
These are the two main differences between man-made and Allaah-made systems. Let us reflect and decide.

Question no 10: Fight against those who do not believe in Allaah  -arguments.
قَـٰتِلُوا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَلَا بِٱلْيَوْمِ ٱلْءَاخِرِ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ ٱللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُۥ وَلَا يَدِينُونَ دِينَ ٱلْحَقِّ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ حَتَّىٰ يُعْطُوا۟ ٱلْجِزْيَةَ عَن يَدٍۢ وَهُمْ صَـٰغِرُونَ [٩:٢٩]
“Fight against those who do not believe in Allaah, nor in the Day of Final Judgment, nor they forbid what Allaah has forbidden and also the Rasool has forbidden, nor they accept the true   way of both the lives, from among the peoples of the divine Books; until they (surrender) and pay Jizya by their own hand (hand to hand); as a mark of their being subdued.”
Look, these words were sent by Allaah, the Almighty Lord of the universe for those who being His creation had so long been opposing and fighting against the messenger of Allaah and against his associates. Now they are completely defeated and fell at the mercy of the prophet sm..and to his associates, seeking shelter and security. It is the unique generosity of the prophet sm. that he forgot and forgave their atrocities and cruelty done hitherto. In such an atmosphere the people of the divine Books were given chance by the Almighty Lord to believe in Allaah and in the Day of Judgment and accept the conditions (as mentioned above ,which are practically beneficial for them  . The bearers of divine Books, the two peoples: the Jews and the Christians were informed, through their holy Books about the arrival of the Last Prophet with the same mission and same Laws, as had been revealed in their Books, so, they were hereby reminded, because they had neglected those instructions or obliterated. Still, if in this subdued condition they would not be ready to obey or accept the invitation to Islam then they should be fought until be defeated. After defeat if they do not flee away and are exonerated; not even made slaves on their request, then in such circumstances, petition would be accepted if they pay jizya (security tax) by their own hands. This hand to hand payment will prove their submissiveness.
Another point should be carefully examined): “Fight against” is used for facing those who attack. It means face or encounter the attackers. Should Almighty Allah’s force show any weakness? No, never, Allah’s force should be predominant or invincible, because they fight for the cause of Allaah; so, Allah’s help is must if His force is determined and steadfast.
Last, but not the least point is: The bearers of the Holy Books are not only defaulters in obedience to Allaah, rather they are the traitors, as they, ignoring Allah’s wish to establish His Supremacy, are trying to establish their own supremacy and deceiving and exploiting the common people.

Let AllaahSWT. help us to get right understanding - Ameen.