Discrimination against women in Islam

Author: Abu Hena Muhammad Rafique

Question no 3: Why woman inherits less than man in Islam?
يُوصِيكُمُ ٱللَّهُ فِىٓ أَوْلَـٰدِكُمْ ۖ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ ٱلْأُنثَيَيْنِ ۚ فَإِن كُنَّ نِسَآءًۭ فَوْقَ ٱثْنَتَيْنِ فَلَهُنَّ ثُلُثَا مَا تَرَكَ ۖ وَإِن كَانَتْ وَ‌ٰحِدَةًۭ فَلَهَا ٱلنِّصْفُ ۚ وَلِأَبَوَيْهِ لِكُلِّ وَ‌ٰحِدٍۢ مِّنْهُمَا ٱلسُّدُسُ مِمَّا تَرَكَ إِن كَانَ لَهُۥ وَلَدٌۭ ۚ فَإِن لَّمْ يَكُن لَّهُۥ وَلَدٌۭ وَوَرِثَهُۥٓ أَبَوَاهُ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلثُّلُثُ ۚ فَإِن كَانَ لَهُۥٓ إِخْوَةٌۭ فَلِأُمِّهِ ٱلسُّدُسُ ۚ مِنۢ بَعْدِ وَصِيَّةٍۢ يُوصِى بِهَآ أَوْ دَيْنٍ ۗ ءَابَآؤُكُمْ وَأَبْنَآؤُكُمْ لَا تَدْرُونَ أَيُّهُمْ أَقْرَبُ لَكُمْ نَفْعًۭا ۚ فَرِيضَةًۭ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ ۗ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ كَانَ عَلِيمًا حَكِيمًۭا [٤:١١]

“Allaah is instructing you regarding your children: For the male is equal to the share of the two females i.e., male will get double than the female child…”
Now the question is: why this discrimination?
Answer:
Like other answers, here the first answer is: After knowing Muhammad SM the Rasool of Allah we are sanguine about his reports, got from Allaah, is 100% good and beneficial, as the Quran says:
ۖ لِلذَّكَرِ مِثْلُ حَظِّ ٱلْأُنثَيَيْنِ 
“For the male double than the female”
Now, we want to understand through the light of reason and it is no offence or fault as Allaah swt said:
تَعْقِلُونَ أَفَلَا رُكُمْ ذِكْ فِيهِ كِتَابًا إِلَيْكُمْ أَنزَلْنَا لَقَدْ
I, (The Almighty Allaah) have certainly sent down to you a Book in which, your mentionis there: Don’t you understand? (Chapter:21:10 )

لْقُرْآنَ يَتَدَبَّرُونَ  أَفَلَا ا
“Don’t they brood over the Qur’aan?” (Chapter 4:82)
So, when we reflect about the verse we get the following justifications:
Woman, created of the one rib of ‘Aadam; is a part of him (the male), dependant naturally on him and need his help and support.
Learnt from the tradition of the prophet sm. Wives are taken to husband’s house and the husband has to spend on her, being, by Allaah’s arrangement, her guardian:
ٱلرِّجَالُ قَوَّ‌ٰمُونَ عَلَى ٱلنِّسَآءِ بِمَا فَضَّلَ ٱللَّهُ بَعْضَهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍۢ وَبِمَآ أَنفَقُوا۟ مِنْ أَمْوَ‌ٰلِهِمْ 
“The males are leaders (guardians) over the females as Allaah swt gave superiority to someone upon some other and because they (males) spend their wealth.”
Maintenance of the parents is the obligatory duty of the sons, not of the daughters (though both inherit the parents) because parents are son’s liability, not of the daughters.
Wives (women) unlike husbands (men) get marriage-due (SADAQ).
Husband’s obligatory duty is to give the wife all necessaries, but wives have no such duty, though they have wealth from the husband as SADAQ.